Topic 1: US: RECESSION WARNINGS RISE AS YIELD CURVE INVERTS

Recession warnings are clearly on the rise. The 2-year and 10-year Treasury yield inverted for the first time since 2019, giving us early signs of a possible recession on the horizon (since 1978, yield curve inversions have consistently provided recession warnings). The bond market is discounting weaker economic growth, earnings risk, elevated valuations, and a reversal of monetary support

The US Fed is tasked with controlling the inflation by slowing the economy but not so much that it triggers the risk of recession. Since March 2022, the Fed has already raised interest rates twice and is expected to aggressively raise rates through the year.

Higher borrowing costs reduce lending and spending in the economy, cooling the pressure on prices. However, this results in a slowing of the economy which could trigger a recession. While the Fed is hoping to achieve a “soft landing” by controlling the inflation without causing unemployment to rise or trigger a recession, market participants believe otherwise.

The US economy is facing inflationary pressures from higher energy prices due to the Russia-Ukraine war and supply-chain disruptions as Covid-19 forces new lockdowns in China. These factors threaten to worsen inflation even further.

Another challenge that the Fed faces today is the low unemployment rate. A tight labour market, where the demand for workers is far outpacing the supply, implies that companies would raise wages to attract new workers. In a sense, wages are the ultimate measure of core inflation – more than twothirds of business costs go back to labour – so rising wages put significant upward pressure on inflation.

In our assessment, the inflation problem facing the Fed today is substantial and unlikely to be resolved without a significant economic slowdown. Overall, the combination of an overheating economy, surging wages, and recent supply shocks means that the fear of recession is real



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